Hebeloma (Fr.) P. Kumm.
(poisonpie toadstools)

Interactions where Hebeloma is the dominant partner and gains from the process

The following relationships have been collated from the published literature (see 'Interaction References').

Stage Summary Taxon Vernacular Classification References Darwin Classification of Active Taxon Active Taxon Active Vernacular Active Taxon Uncertain Active State Active Part Active Stage Relationship Relationship Uncertain Relationship Geography Darwin Classification of Passive Taxon Passive Taxon Passive Vernacular Passive Taxon Uncertain Passive State Passive Part Passive Stage Passive Taxon's significance to Active Taxon Indoors etc Season
(live) live mycelium is mycorrhizal with live root of seed (germinating) UK/Ireland Epipactis atrorubens Dark-red Helleborine Asparagales: Orchidaceae Fungal specificity bottlenecks during orchid germination and development, Bidartondo, M.I. & Read, D.J., 2008
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Hebeloma/Hebelomapoisonpie toadstoolslivemycelium Foodplant / mycorrhizaUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Asparagales/Orchidaceae/Epipactis atrorubens/Epipactis atrorubensdark-red helleborineliverootseed (germinating)

Interactions where Hebeloma is the victim or passive partner (and generally loses out from the process)

The following relationships have been collated from the published literature (see 'Interaction References').

Filters:

Affected Part Summary Taxon Vernacular Classification References Darwin Classification of Active Taxon Active Taxon Active Vernacular Active Taxon Uncertain Active State Active Part Active Stage Relationship Relationship Uncertain Relationship Geography Darwin Classification of Passive Taxon Passive Taxon Passive Vernacular Passive Taxon Uncertain Passive State Passive Part Passive Stage Passive Taxon's significance to Active Taxon Indoors etc Season Summary
mycorrhiza mycorrhiza is parasitised by live root ForeignMinor Epipogium aphyllum Ghost Orchid Asparagales: Orchidaceae Ectomycorrhizal Inocybe species associate with the mycoheterotrophic orchid Epipogium aphyllum but not its asexual propagules, Roy, M. et al, 2009
 /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Asparagales/Orchidaceae/Epipogium aphyllum/Epipogium aphyllumghost orchidliveroot Fungus / parasiteForeign /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Hebeloma/Hebelomapoisonpie toadstoolsmycorrhizaMinor live root parasitises mycorrhiza

Author & YearTitleSource
Bidartondo, M.I. & Read, D.J., 2008Fungal specificity bottlenecks during orchid germination and developmentMolecular Ecology Vol 17: 3707-3716.
Roy, M. et al, 2009Ectomycorrhizal Inocybe species associate with the mycoheterotrophic orchid Epipogium aphyllum but not its asexual propagulesAnn Bot 104: 595-610.

Hebeloma (poisonpie toadstools) may also be included in 'feeds on' relations listed under the following higher taxa:

Hebeloma (poisonpie toadstools) may also be included in 'fed on by' relations listed under the following higher taxa:

Subtaxon Rank Featured
subtaxa		 No of
interactions		 No of
references
Hebeloma aestivale
a poisonpie
Species 3 trophisms
Hebeloma alpinum
a poisonpie
Species 1 trophisms
Hebeloma ammophilum
a poisonpie
Species 1 trophisms
Hebeloma anthracophilum
a poisonpie
Species 1 trophisms
Hebeloma arenosum
a poisonpie
Species 2 trophisms 1 references
Hebeloma birrus
a poisonpie
Species 3 trophisms
Hebeloma circinans
a poisonpie
Species 2 trophisms
Hebeloma crustuliniforme
Poisonpie
Species 4 trophisms 5 references
Hebeloma crustuliniforme s. lat.
a species sensu lato of fungi
Species sensu lato 1 references
Hebeloma cylindrosporum
a poisonpie
Species 1 trophisms 1 references
Hebeloma dunense
a poisonpie
Species 1 trophisms
Hebeloma fragilipes
a poisonpie
Species 2 trophisms
Hebeloma fusisporum
a poisonpie
Species 2 trophisms
Hebeloma helodes
a poisonpie
Species 4 trophisms
Hebeloma incarnatulum
a poisonpie
Species 1 trophisms
Hebeloma laterinum
a poisonpie
Species 2 trophisms
Hebeloma leucosarx
Birch Poisonpie
Species 3 trophisms 1 references
Hebeloma marginatulum
a poisonpie
Species 1 trophisms
Hebeloma mesophaeum
Veiled Poisonpie
Species 2 subtaxa 6 trophisms
Hebeloma nauseosum
a poisonpie
Species 6 trophisms
Hebeloma nigellum
a poisonpie
Species 2 trophisms
Hebeloma odoratissimum
a poisonpie
Species 3 trophisms
Hebeloma populinum
a poisonpie
Species 3 trophisms
Hebeloma psammophilum non sensu Hebeloma ammophilum Bohus, 1978
a poisonpie
Species 1 trophisms
Hebeloma pseudoamarescens
a poisonpie
Species 1 trophisms 1 references
Hebeloma pusillum
Dwarf Poisonpie
Species 1 trophisms 1 references
Hebeloma radicosum
Rooting Poisonpie
Species 4 trophisms 2 references
Hebeloma sacchariolens
Sweet Poisonpie, Scented Hebeloma
Species 6 trophisms
Hebeloma sinapizans
Bitter Poisonpie
Species 4 trophisms 2 references
Hebeloma sordescens
a poisonpie
Species 2 trophisms
Hebeloma sp indesc
a new species of Hebeloma associated with Rockrose
Species 1 trophisms
Hebeloma spoliatum
a poisonpie
Species 1 trophisms 1 references
Hebeloma theobrominum
a poisonpie
Species 3 trophisms
Hebeloma vaccinum
Willow Poisonpie
Species 4 trophisms
Taxonomic hierarchy:
GenusHebeloma (poisonpie toadstools)
FamilyCORTINARIACEAE (webcaps, rootshanks and the gypsy)
OrderAGARICALES (mushrooms and toadstools)
SubclassAGARICOMYCETIDAE (a subclass of basidiomycetes)
ClassAGARICOMYCETES (a class of fungi)
SubphylumAGARICOMYCOTINA (a subphylum of fungi)
PhylumBASIDIOMYCOTA (spore droppers, basidiomycetes)
KingdomFUNGI (true fungi)
DomainEukaryota (eukaryotes)
LifeBIOTA (living things)
NBNNBN (data.nbn.org.uk) has a distribution map for Hebeloma (poisonpie toadstools)

Identification Works

Handling & MagnificationAuthorYearTitleSource
Bruchet, G. 1970 *** Contribution a l’étude du genre Hebeloma (Fr.) Kummer; partie spéciale ***(Superseded) .
Vesterholt, J. 2005 The genus Hebeloma Fungi of Northern Europe, Vol. 3, 146pp, Svampetryk

Denudata Subsection Denudata (H. Crustuliniforme Complex)

Eberhard, U., H.J. Beker, H.J. & Vesterholt, J. 2015 Decrypting the Hebeloma crustuliniforme complex: European species of Hebeloma section Denudata subsection Denudata (Agaricales) Persoonia Vol 35: 101-147.

Hebeloma (poisonpie toadstools) may also be included in identification literature listed under the following higher taxa:

General Works

AuthorYearTitleSource
Taylor, A.S. & Alexander, I. 2005 The ectomycorrhizal symbiosis: life in the real world Mycologist Vol 19 (3): 102-112.

Literature listed under the following higher taxa may also be relevant to Hebeloma (poisonpie toadstools):

BioImagesBioImages (www.bioimages.org.uk) has 91 images of Hebeloma (poisonpie toadstools)
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