Galium verum (lady’s bedstraw)

Interactions where Galium verum is the victim or passive partner (and generally loses out from the process)

The following relationships have been collated from the published literature (see 'Interaction References').

Filters:

Affected Part	Summary	Taxon	Vernacular	Classification	References	Darwin Classification of Active Taxon	Active Taxon	Active Vernacular	Active State	Active Stage	Relationship	Relationship Geography	Darwin Classification of Passive Taxon	Passive Taxon	Passive Vernacular	Passive State	Passive Part	Passive Taxon's significance to Active Taxon	Season	Summary
	is foodplant of	Halticus macrocephalus	a plantbug or grassbug	Hemiptera: Miridae	Land and Water Bugs of the British Isles, Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Miridae/Halticus macrocephalus/	Halticus macrocephalus	a plantbug or grassbug			Foodplant / feeds on	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Gentianales/Rubiaceae/Galium verum/	Galium verum	lady’s bedstraw					feeds on
	is foodplant of	Strongylocoris leucocephalus	a plantbug or grassbug	Hemiptera: Miridae	Land and Water Bugs of the British Isles, Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Miridae/Strongylocoris leucocephalus/	Strongylocoris leucocephalus	a plantbug or grassbug			Foodplant / feeds on	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Gentianales/Rubiaceae/Galium verum/	Galium verum	lady’s bedstraw					feeds on
	has sap sucked by adult	Legnotus limbosus	a shieldbug	Hemiptera: Cydnidae	Land and Water Bugs of the British Isles, Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Cydnidae/Legnotus limbosus/	Legnotus limbosus	a shieldbug		adult	Foodplant / sap sucker		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Gentianales/Rubiaceae/Galium verum/	Galium verum	lady’s bedstraw			Major		adult sucks sap of
	has sap sucked by nymph	Legnotus limbosus	a shieldbug	Hemiptera: Cydnidae	Land and Water Bugs of the British Isles, Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Cydnidae/Legnotus limbosus/	Legnotus limbosus	a shieldbug		nymph	Foodplant / sap sucker		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Gentianales/Rubiaceae/Galium verum/	Galium verum	lady’s bedstraw			Major		nymph sucks sap of
	has sap sucked by nymph	Legnotus picipes	a shieldbug	Hemiptera: Cydnidae	Land and Water Bugs of the British Isles, Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Cydnidae/Legnotus picipes/	Legnotus picipes	a shieldbug		nymph	Foodplant / sap sucker		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Gentianales/Rubiaceae/Galium verum/	Galium verum	lady’s bedstraw					nymph sucks sap of
	has sap sucked by adult	Legnotus picipes	a shieldbug	Hemiptera: Cydnidae	Land and Water Bugs of the British Isles, Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Cydnidae/Legnotus picipes/	Legnotus picipes	a shieldbug		adult	Foodplant / sap sucker		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Gentianales/Rubiaceae/Galium verum/	Galium verum	lady’s bedstraw					adult sucks sap of
(live)	live may have adult	Belothrips acuminatus	a thrips	Thysanoptera: Thripidae	Thysanoptera, Mound L.A., Morison, G.D., Pitkin, B.R. & Palmer, J.M., 1976	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Thysanoptera/Thripidae/Belothrips acuminatus/	Belothrips acuminatus	a thrips		adult	Plant / resting place / on		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Gentianales/Rubiaceae/Galium verum/	Galium verum	lady’s bedstraw	live			(5-7)	adult may be found on live
(live)	live may have larva	Belothrips acuminatus	a thrips	Thysanoptera: Thripidae	Thysanoptera, Mound L.A., Morison, G.D., Pitkin, B.R. & Palmer, J.M., 1976	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Thysanoptera/Thripidae/Belothrips acuminatus/	Belothrips acuminatus	a thrips		larva	Plant / resting place / on		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Gentianales/Rubiaceae/Galium verum/	Galium verum	lady’s bedstraw	live			(7-9)	larva may be found on live
(live)	live may have larvae	Rubiothrips silvarum	a thrips	Thysanoptera: Thripidae	Thysanoptera, Mound L.A., Morison, G.D., Pitkin, B.R. & Palmer, J.M., 1976	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Thysanoptera/Thripidae/Rubiothrips silvarum/	Rubiothrips silvarum	a thrips		larvae	Plant / resting place / on		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Gentianales/Rubiaceae/Galium verum/	Galium verum	lady’s bedstraw	live			(5-8)	larvae may be found on live
(live)	live may have female	Rubiothrips silvarum	a thrips	Thysanoptera: Thripidae	Thysanoptera, Mound L.A., Morison, G.D., Pitkin, B.R. & Palmer, J.M., 1976	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Thysanoptera/Thripidae/Rubiothrips silvarum/	Rubiothrips silvarum	a thrips		female	Plant / resting place / on		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Gentianales/Rubiaceae/Galium verum/	Galium verum	lady’s bedstraw	live			(5-8)	female may be found on live
(live)	live may have male	Rubiothrips silvarum	a thrips	Thysanoptera: Thripidae	Thysanoptera, Mound L.A., Morison, G.D., Pitkin, B.R. & Palmer, J.M., 1976	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Thysanoptera/Thripidae/Rubiothrips silvarum/	Rubiothrips silvarum	a thrips		male	Plant / resting place / on		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Gentianales/Rubiaceae/Galium verum/	Galium verum	lady’s bedstraw	live			(7)	male may be found on live
(live)	live is parasitised by sporangium	Peronospora galii	a downy mildew	Peronosporales: Peronosporaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 A Checklist of the Downy Mildews (Peronosporaceae) of the British Isles, Preece, T.F., 2002	/Chromista/Oomycota/Peronosporea/Peronosporales/Peronosporaceae/Peronospora galii/	Peronospora galii	a downy mildew		sporangium	Foodplant / parasite	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Gentianales/Rubiaceae/Galium verum/	Galium verum	lady’s bedstraw	live				sporangium parasitises live
(live)	live is parasitised by	Neoerysiphe galii	a powdery mildew	Erysiphales: Erysiphaceae	An Introduction to British Powdery Mildews, Ing, B., 1990	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Erysiphales/Erysiphaceae/Neoerysiphe galii/	Neoerysiphe galii	a powdery mildew			Foodplant / parasite	Foreign	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Gentianales/Rubiaceae/Galium verum/	Galium verum	lady’s bedstraw	live				parasitises live
(live)	live is parasitised by pycnium	Puccinia punctata	a rust fungus	Pucciniales: Pucciniaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Puccinia punctata/	Puccinia punctata	a rust fungus		pycnium	Foodplant / parasite		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Gentianales/Rubiaceae/Galium verum/	Galium verum	lady’s bedstraw	live		Major		pycnium parasitises live
leaf (base) (live)	live leaf (base) is swollen by embedded sorus	Melanotaenium endogenum	Bedstraw Smut	Ustilaginales: Melanotaeniaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005 Melanotaenium endogenum, Mordue, J.E.M., 1991	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Ustilaginomycetes/Ustilaginales/Melanotaeniaceae/Melanotaenium endogenum/	Melanotaenium endogenum	bedstraw smut	embedded	sorus	Foodplant / false gall	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Gentianales/Rubiaceae/Galium verum/	Galium verum	lady’s bedstraw	live	leaf (base)	Major	(6-7)	embedded sorus causes swelling of live leaf (base)
leaf	leaf is grazed by nocturnal larva	Aglaostigma fulvipes	a sawfly	Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae	Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (b), Benson, R.B., 1952	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Aglaostigma fulvipes/	Aglaostigma fulvipes	a sawfly	nocturnal	larva	Foodplant / open feeder		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Gentianales/Rubiaceae/Galium verum/	Galium verum	lady’s bedstraw		leaf			nocturnal larva grazes on leaf
leaf (live, old, over-wintered)	live, old, over-wintered leaf is parasitised by uredium	Pucciniastrum guttatum	a rust fungus	Pucciniales: Pucciniastraceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniastraceae/Pucciniastrum guttatum/	Pucciniastrum guttatum	a rust fungus		uredium	Foodplant / parasite		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Gentianales/Rubiaceae/Galium verum/	Galium verum	lady’s bedstraw	live, old, over-wintered	leaf			uredium parasitises live, old, over-wintered leaf
leaf (live, old, over-wintered)	live, old, over-wintered leaf is spotted by telium	Pucciniastrum guttatum	a rust fungus	Pucciniales: Pucciniastraceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniastraceae/Pucciniastrum guttatum/	Pucciniastrum guttatum	a rust fungus		telium	Foodplant / spot causer		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Gentianales/Rubiaceae/Galium verum/	Galium verum	lady’s bedstraw	live, old, over-wintered	leaf			telium causes spots on live, old, over-wintered leaf
leaf (live)	live leaf is parasitised by hypophyllous telium	Puccinia galii-verni	a rust fungus	Pucciniales: Pucciniaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Puccinia galii-verni/	Puccinia galii-verni	a rust fungus	hypophyllous	telium	Foodplant / parasite		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Gentianales/Rubiaceae/Galium verum/	Galium verum	lady’s bedstraw	live	leaf	Rare		hypophyllous telium parasitises live leaf
leaf (live)	live leaf is parasitised by hypophyllous aecium	Puccinia punctata	a rust fungus	Pucciniales: Pucciniaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Puccinia punctata/	Puccinia punctata	a rust fungus	hypophyllous	aecium	Foodplant / parasite		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Gentianales/Rubiaceae/Galium verum/	Galium verum	lady’s bedstraw	live	leaf	Major		hypophyllous aecium parasitises live leaf
leaf (live)	live leaf is parasitised by amphigenous uredium	Puccinia punctata	a rust fungus	Pucciniales: Pucciniaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Puccinia punctata/	Puccinia punctata	a rust fungus	amphigenous	uredium	Foodplant / parasite		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Gentianales/Rubiaceae/Galium verum/	Galium verum	lady’s bedstraw	live	leaf	Major		amphigenous uredium parasitises live leaf
leaf (live)	live leaf is parasitised by amphigenous telium	Puccinia punctata	a rust fungus	Pucciniales: Pucciniaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Puccinia punctata/	Puccinia punctata	a rust fungus	amphigenous	telium	Foodplant / parasite		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Gentianales/Rubiaceae/Galium verum/	Galium verum	lady’s bedstraw	live	leaf	Major		amphigenous telium parasitises live leaf
pollen?	pollen? is foodplant of adult	Bruchidius cisti	a seed beetle	Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae	Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland, Cox, M.L., 2007	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Bruchidius cisti/	Bruchidius cisti	a seed beetle		adult	Foodplant / feeds on		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Gentianales/Rubiaceae/Galium verum/	Galium verum	lady’s bedstraw		pollen?		(4-)6-7(-9)	adult feeds on pollen?
shoot (live)	live shoot is swollen by embedded sorus	Melanotaenium endogenum	Bedstraw Smut	Ustilaginales: Melanotaeniaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005 Melanotaenium endogenum, Mordue, J.E.M., 1991	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Ustilaginomycetes/Ustilaginales/Melanotaeniaceae/Melanotaenium endogenum/	Melanotaenium endogenum	bedstraw smut	embedded	sorus	Foodplant / false gall	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Gentianales/Rubiaceae/Galium verum/	Galium verum	lady’s bedstraw	live	shoot	Major	(6-7)	embedded sorus causes swelling of live shoot
stem (live)	live stem is parasitised by telium	Puccinia galii-verni	a rust fungus	Pucciniales: Pucciniaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Puccinia galii-verni/	Puccinia galii-verni	a rust fungus		telium	Foodplant / parasite		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Gentianales/Rubiaceae/Galium verum/	Galium verum	lady’s bedstraw	live	stem	Rare		telium parasitises live stem
stem (live)	live stem is swollen by embedded sorus	Melanotaenium endogenum	Bedstraw Smut	Ustilaginales: Melanotaeniaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005 Melanotaenium endogenum, Mordue, J.E.M., 1991	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Ustilaginomycetes/Ustilaginales/Melanotaeniaceae/Melanotaenium endogenum/	Melanotaenium endogenum	bedstraw smut	embedded	sorus	Foodplant / false gall	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Gentianales/Rubiaceae/Galium verum/	Galium verum	lady’s bedstraw	live	stem	Major	(6-7)	embedded sorus causes swelling of live stem

Species	Galium verum (Lady’s Bedstraw)
Genus	Galium (bedstraws)
Family	RUBIACEAE (madder, goosegrass and bedstraws)
Order	GENTIANALES (bedstraws, gentians and periwinkles)
Subclass	EU-DICOTS (dicotyledonous flowering plants)
Class	MAGNOLIOPSIDA (flowering plants)
Phylum	TRACHEOPHYTA (vascular plants)
Kingdom	PLANTAE (plants)
Domain	Eukaryota (eukaryotes)
Life	BIOTA (living things)

Galium verum L.
(Lady’s Bedstraw)

Interactions where Galium verum is the victim or passive partner (and generally loses out from the process)

Taxonomic hierarchy:

Galium verum is also a member of:

BioInfo - Wildlife Information (UK)

Author & Year	Title	Source
Benson, R.B., 1952	Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (b)	Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects , Vol VI, Part 2(b), 137pp, The Royal Entomological Society of London
Cox, M.L., 2007	Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland	336pp, Pisces Publications
Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook	2nd (New Enlarged) edition, 868pp, The Richmond Publishing Co. Ltd
Ing, B., 1990	An Introduction to British Powdery Mildews	Mycologist Vol 4 (1) et seq.
Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota	517pp, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Mordue, J.E.M., 1991	Melanotaenium endogenum	I.M.I. Descriptions of Pathogenic Fungi and Bacteria CMI Descriptions of Pathenogenic Fungi and Bacteria Sheet 1094.
Mound L.A., Morison, G.D., Pitkin, B.R. & Palmer, J.M., 1976	Thysanoptera	Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects, Vol 1, part 11, 79pp, The Royal Entomological Society of London
Preece, T.F., 2002	A Checklist of the Downy Mildews (Peronosporaceae) of the British Isles	33pp, British Mycological Society
Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959	Land and Water Bugs of the British Isles	Wayside & Woodland Series, 1959 edition, 436pp, Frederick Warne & Co. Ltd.