Botanophila Lioy, 1864
(a genus of anthomyiid flies)

Interactions where Botanophila is the dominant partner and gains from the process

The following relationships have been collated from the published literature (see 'Interaction References').

Stage Summary Taxon Vernacular Classification References Darwin Classification of Active Taxon Active Taxon Active Vernacular Active Taxon Uncertain Active State Active Part Active Stage Relationship Relationship Uncertain Relationship Geography Darwin Classification of Passive Taxon Passive Taxon Passive Vernacular Passive Taxon Uncertain Passive State Passive Part Passive Stage Passive Taxon's significance to Active Taxon Indoors etc Season
larva larva grazes on developing stromatic perithecium Restricted Epichloe chokes Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Anthomyiidae/Botanophila/Botanophilaa genus of anthomyiid flieslarva Fungus / external feeder /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Hypocreales/Clavicipitaceae/Epichloe/Epichloechokesdeveloping stromaticperitheciumSole

Botanophila (a genus of anthomyiid flies) may also be included in 'feeds on' relations listed under the following higher taxa:

Botanophila (a genus of anthomyiid flies) may be included in 'fed on by' relations listed under the following higher taxa:

Subtaxon Rank Featured
subtaxa		 No of
interactions		 No of
references
Botanophila cuspidata
a choke fly
Species 2 trophisms
Botanophila dissecta
a choke fly
Species 2 trophisms 2 references
Botanophila fugax
an anthomyiid fly
Species 1 trophisms
Botanophila laterella
a choke fly
Species 2 trophisms 2 references
Botanophila latifrons
a choke fly
Species 2 trophisms
Botanophila lobata
a choke fly
Species 2 trophisms
Botanophila phrenione
a choke fly
Species 3 trophisms
Taxonomic hierarchy:
GenusBotanophila (a genus of anthomyiid flies)
FamilyANTHOMYIIDAE (anthomyiid flies)
SuperfamilyMUSCOIDEA (dung and house flies)
InfraorderSchizophora - Calyptratae (an infraorder of flies)
OrderDIPTERA (two-winged flies)
Division Endopterygota (bees, beetles, flies, moths and other insects with wings developing internally)
InfraclassNeoptera (bees, beetles, flies, grasshoppers, moths and other advanced insects)
SubclassPTERYGOTA (bees, beetles, dragonflies, flies, grasshoppers, moths and other winged insects)
ClassINSECTA (true insects)
SubphylumHEXAPODA (insects and other 6-legged organisms)
PhylumARTHROPODA (arthropods)
SuperphylumECDYSOZOA (skin shedders)
CladeBilateria (bilaterally symmetrical animals)
SubkingdomEUMETAZOA (metazoans)
KingdomANIMALIA (animals)
DomainEukaryota (eukaryotes)
LifeBIOTA (living things)
NBNNBN (data.nbn.org.uk) has a distribution map for Botanophila (a genus of anthomyiid flies)

Identification Works

Handling & MagnificationAuthorYearTitleSource

Eggs - Tentative

Lembicz, M., Gorzynska, K., Olszanowski, Z., Michelsen & Leuchtmann, A. 2013 The occurrence and preference of Botanophila flies (Diptera: Anthomyiidae) for particular species of Epichloë fungi infecting wild grasses European Journal of Entomology Vol 110 (1): 129-134.

Botanophila (a genus of anthomyiid flies) may also be included in identification literature listed under the following higher taxa:

General Works

AuthorYearTitleSource
Bultman, T.L. & Leuchtmann, A. 2008 Biology of the Epichloe-Botanophila interaction: an intriguing association between fungi and insects Fungal Biology Reviews Vol 22 (3-4): 131-138.
Leuchtmann, A. & Michelsen, V. 2015 Biology and evolution of the Epichloë-associated Botanophila species found in Europe (Diptera: Anthomyiidae) Insect Systematics & Evolution Vol 46: 1-14.
Leuchtmann, A. Botanophila flies associated with Epichloe host species: no evidence for coevolution

Literature listed under the following higher taxa may also be relevant to Botanophila (a genus of anthomyiid flies):

BioImagesBioImages (www.bioimages.org.uk) has 61 images of Botanophila (a genus of anthomyiid flies)
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