Pinguicula vulgaris L.
(Common Butterwort)

Interactions where Pinguicula vulgaris is the dominant partner and gains from the process

The following relationships have been collated from the published literature (see 'Interaction References').

Stage Summary Taxon Vernacular Classification References Darwin Classification of Active Taxon Active Taxon Active Vernacular Active Taxon Uncertain Active State Active Part Active Stage Relationship Relationship Uncertain Relationship Geography Darwin Classification of Passive Taxon Passive Taxon Passive Vernacular Passive Taxon Uncertain Passive State Passive Part Passive Stage Passive Taxon's significance to Active Taxon Indoors etc Season
leaf is predator of adult ARANEAE spiders Insectivorous Plants, Darwin, C., 1875
 /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Lamiales/Lentibulariaceae/Pinguicula vulgaris/Pinguicula vulgariscommon butterwortleaf Animal / predator /Animalia/Arthropoda/Arachnida/Araneae/Araneaespidersadult
leaf is predator of adult Minor COLEOPTERA beetles Insectivorous Plants, Darwin, C., 1875
 /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Lamiales/Lentibulariaceae/Pinguicula vulgaris/Pinguicula vulgariscommon butterwortleaf Animal / predator /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/ColeopterabeetlesadultMinor
leaf is predator of adult Major DIPTERA two-winged flies Insectivorous Plants, Darwin, C., 1875
 /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Lamiales/Lentibulariaceae/Pinguicula vulgaris/Pinguicula vulgariscommon butterwortleaf Animal / predator /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Dipteratwo-winged fliesadultMajor
leaf is predator of adult Major HYMENOPTERA ants, bees and wasps, sawflies and parasitoid wasps Insectivorous Plants, Darwin, C., 1875
 /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Lamiales/Lentibulariaceae/Pinguicula vulgaris/Pinguicula vulgariscommon butterwortleaf Animal / predator /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Hymenopteraants, bees and wasps, sawflies and parasitoid waspsadultMajor
leaf is predator of adult Minor FORMICIDAE ants Hymenoptera Insectivorous Plants, Darwin, C., 1875
 /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Lamiales/Lentibulariaceae/Pinguicula vulgaris/Pinguicula vulgariscommon butterwortleaf Animal / predator /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Formicidae/FormicidaeantsadultMinor
leaf is predator of adult Minor LEPIDOPTERA butterflies and moths Insectivorous Plants, Darwin, C., 1875
 /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Lamiales/Lentibulariaceae/Pinguicula vulgaris/Pinguicula vulgariscommon butterwortleaf Animal / predator /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Lepidoptera/Lepidopterabutterflies and mothsadultMinor

Interactions where Pinguicula vulgaris is the victim or passive partner (and generally loses out from the process)

The following relationships have been collated from the published literature (see 'Interaction References').

Filters:

Affected Part Summary Taxon Vernacular Classification References Darwin Classification of Active Taxon Active Taxon Active Vernacular Active Taxon Uncertain Active State Active Part Active Stage Relationship Relationship Uncertain Relationship Geography Darwin Classification of Passive Taxon Passive Taxon Passive Vernacular Passive Taxon Uncertain Passive State Passive Part Passive Stage Passive Taxon's significance to Active Taxon Indoors etc Season Summary
anther (live) live anther is parasitised by light violet, powdery spore mass Foreign Ustilago pinguiculi (Bladderwort Flower-smut) Ustilaginales: Ustilaginaceae European Smut Fungi, Vánky, K., 1994
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Ustilaginomycetes/Ustilaginales/Ustilaginaceae/Ustilago pinguiculi/Ustilago pinguiculi(bladderwort flower-smut)light violet, powderyspore mass Foodplant / parasiteForeign /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Lamiales/Lentibulariaceae/Pinguicula vulgaris/Pinguicula vulgariscommon butterwortliveanther light violet, powdery spore mass parasitises live anther

Author & YearTitleSource
Darwin, C., 1875Insectivorous Plants463pp
Vánky, K., 1994European Smut Fungi570pp, Gustav Fischer Verlag

Pinguicula vulgaris (Common Butterwort) may also be included in 'feeds on' relations listed under the following higher taxa:

Pinguicula vulgaris (Common Butterwort) may also be included in 'fed on by' relations listed under the following higher taxa:

Taxonomic hierarchy:
SpeciesPinguicula vulgaris (Common Butterwort)
GenusPinguicula (butterworts)
FamilyLENTIBULARIACEAE (butterworts and bladderworts)
OrderLAMIALES (dead-nettles, eye-brights, foxgloves and speedwells)
SubclassEU-DICOTS (dicotyledonous flowering plants)
ClassMAGNOLIOPSIDA (flowering plants)
PhylumTRACHEOPHYTA (vascular plants)
KingdomPLANTAE (plants)
DomainEukaryota (eukaryotes)
LifeBIOTA (living things)
NBNNBN (data.nbn.org.uk) has a distribution map for Pinguicula vulgaris (Common Butterwort)

Pinguicula vulgaris (Common Butterwort) may be included in identification literature listed under the following higher taxa:

Literature listed under the following higher taxa may be relevant to Pinguicula vulgaris (Common Butterwort):

BioImagesBioImages (www.bioimages.org.uk) has 13 images of Pinguicula vulgaris (Common Butterwort)
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