Eurygaster maura (Linnaeus, 1758)
(European Tortoise Bug)

Interactions where Eurygaster maura is the dominant partner and gains from the process

The following relationships have been collated from the published literature (see 'Interaction References').

Stage		Summary			Taxon	Vernacular	Classification	References	Darwin Classification of Active Taxon	Active Taxon	Active Vernacular	Active Taxon Uncertain	Active State	Active Part	Active Stage	Relationship	Relationship Uncertain	Relationship Geography	Darwin Classification of Passive Taxon	Passive Taxon	Passive Vernacular	Passive Taxon Uncertain	Passive State	Passive Part	Passive Stage	Passive Taxon's significance to Active Taxon	Indoors etc	Season
adult		adult sucks sap of			Centaurea nigra sens. lat. (=nigra/debeauxii)	common knapweed, lesser knapweed, hardheads	Asterales: Asteraceae	Land and Water Bugs of the British Isles, Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Scutelleridae/Eurygaster maura/	Eurygaster maura	european tortoise bug				adult	Foodplant / sap sucker		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Asterales/Asteraceae/Centaurea nigra sens. lat. (=nigra/debeauxii)/	Centaurea nigra sens. lat. (=nigra/debeauxii)	common knapweed, lesser knapweed, hardheads					Minor
nymph		nymph sucks sap of			Centaurea nigra sens. lat. (=nigra/debeauxii)	common knapweed, lesser knapweed, hardheads	Asterales: Asteraceae	Land and Water Bugs of the British Isles, Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Scutelleridae/Eurygaster maura/	Eurygaster maura	european tortoise bug				nymph	Foodplant / sap sucker		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Asterales/Asteraceae/Centaurea nigra sens. lat. (=nigra/debeauxii)/	Centaurea nigra sens. lat. (=nigra/debeauxii)	common knapweed, lesser knapweed, hardheads					Minor
adult		adult sucks sap of			[Herbaceous Plants]	herbaceous plants		Land and Water Bugs of the British Isles, Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Scutelleridae/Eurygaster maura/	Eurygaster maura	european tortoise bug				adult	Foodplant / sap sucker		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Herbaceous Plants/	Herbaceous Plants	herbaceous plants					Minor
nymph		nymph sucks sap of			[Herbaceous Plants]	herbaceous plants		Land and Water Bugs of the British Isles, Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Scutelleridae/Eurygaster maura/	Eurygaster maura	european tortoise bug				nymph	Foodplant / sap sucker		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Herbaceous Plants/	Herbaceous Plants	herbaceous plants					Minor
adult		adult sucks sap of			POACEAE	grasses, couch	Poales	Land and Water Bugs of the British Isles, Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Scutelleridae/Eurygaster maura/	Eurygaster maura	european tortoise bug				adult	Foodplant / sap sucker		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Poaceae/	Poaceae	grasses, couch					Major
nymph		nymph sucks sap of			POACEAE	grasses, couch	Poales	Land and Water Bugs of the British Isles, Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Scutelleridae/Eurygaster maura/	Eurygaster maura	european tortoise bug				nymph	Foodplant / sap sucker		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Poaceae/	Poaceae	grasses, couch					Major
adult		adult sucks sap of			Triticum	wheats	Poales: Poaceae	Land and Water Bugs of the British Isles, Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Scutelleridae/Eurygaster maura/	Eurygaster maura	european tortoise bug				adult	Foodplant / sap sucker		Foreign	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Poaceae/Triticum/	Triticum	wheats
nymph		nymph sucks sap of			Triticum	wheats	Poales: Poaceae	Land and Water Bugs of the British Isles, Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Scutelleridae/Eurygaster maura/	Eurygaster maura	european tortoise bug				nymph	Foodplant / sap sucker		Foreign	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Poaceae/Triticum/	Triticum	wheats
adult		adult sucks sap of			[Cereals]	cereals	Poales: Poaceae	Land and Water Bugs of the British Isles, Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Scutelleridae/Eurygaster maura/	Eurygaster maura	european tortoise bug				adult	Foodplant / sap sucker		Foreign	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Poaceae/Cereals/	Cereals	cereals
nymph		nymph sucks sap of			[Cereals]	cereals	Poales: Poaceae	Land and Water Bugs of the British Isles, Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Scutelleridae/Eurygaster maura/	Eurygaster maura	european tortoise bug				nymph	Foodplant / sap sucker		Foreign	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Poaceae/Cereals/	Cereals	cereals

Author & Year	Title	Source
Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959	Land and Water Bugs of the British Isles	Wayside & Woodland Series, 1959 edition, 436pp, Frederick Warne & Co. Ltd.

Eurygaster maura (European Tortoise Bug) may also be included in 'feeds on' relations listed under the following higher taxa:

INSECTA
(true insects)

Eurygaster maura (European Tortoise Bug) may be included in 'fed on by' relations listed under the following higher taxa:

HEMIPTERA
(bugs)

INSECTA
(true insects)

HEXAPODA
(insects and other 6-legged organisms)

ARTHROPODA
(arthropods)

ANIMALIA
(animals)

Invertebrates
(Invertebrates)

Taxonomic hierarchy:

Species	Eurygaster maura (European Tortoise Bug)
Genus	Eurygaster (a genus of shieldbugs)
Family	SCUTELLERIDAE (a family of shieldbugs)
Superfamily	PENTATOMOIDEA (shieldbugs)
Infraorder	Pentatomomorpha (an infraorder of bugs)
Suborder	HETEROPTERA (true bugs)
Order	HEMIPTERA (bugs)
Division	Exopterygota (earwigs, grasshoppers, stoneflies, true bugs, and other insects with wings developing externally)
Infraclass	Neoptera (bees, beetles, flies, grasshoppers, moths and other advanced insects)
Subclass	PTERYGOTA (bees, beetles, dragonflies, flies, grasshoppers, moths and other winged insects)
Class	INSECTA (true insects)
Subphylum	HEXAPODA (insects and other 6-legged organisms)
Phylum	ARTHROPODA (arthropods)
Superphylum	ECDYSOZOA (skin shedders)
Clade	Bilateria (bilaterally symmetrical animals)
Subkingdom	EUMETAZOA (metazoans)
Kingdom	ANIMALIA (animals)
Domain	Eukaryota (eukaryotes)
Life	BIOTA (living things)

Eurygaster maura is also a member of:
Invertebrates - Invertebrates (via Arthropoda)

NBN

NBN (data.nbn.org.uk) has a distribution map for Eurygaster maura (European Tortoise Bug)

Eurygaster maura (European Tortoise Bug) may be included in identification literature listed under the following higher taxa:

SCUTELLERIDAE
(a family of shieldbugs)

Pentatomomorpha
(an infraorder of bugs)

HETEROPTERA
(true bugs)

HEMIPTERA
(bugs)

INSECTA
(true insects)

HEXAPODA
(insects and other 6-legged organisms)

ARTHROPODA
(arthropods)

ANIMALIA
(animals)

Eukaryota
(eukaryotes)

BIOTA
(living things)

Literature listed under the following higher taxa may be relevant to Eurygaster maura (European Tortoise Bug):

SCUTELLERIDAE
(a family of shieldbugs)

PENTATOMOIDEA
(shieldbugs)

Pentatomomorpha
(an infraorder of bugs)

HETEROPTERA
(true bugs)

HEMIPTERA
(bugs)

PTERYGOTA
(bees, beetles, dragonflies, flies, grasshoppers, moths and other winged insects)

INSECTA
(true insects)

HEXAPODA
(insects and other 6-legged organisms)

ARTHROPODA
(arthropods)

EUMETAZOA
(metazoans)

ANIMALIA
(animals)

Eukaryota
(eukaryotes)

BIOTA
(living things)

Invertebrates
(Invertebrates)

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