Bulgaria inquinans (Pers.) Fr.
(Black Bulgar)

Interactions where Bulgaria inquinans is the dominant partner and gains from the process

The following relationships have been collated from the published literature (see 'Interaction References').

Stage		Summary			Taxon	Vernacular	Classification	References	Darwin Classification of Active Taxon	Active Taxon	Active Vernacular	Active Taxon Uncertain	Active State	Active Part	Active Stage	Relationship	Relationship Uncertain	Relationship Geography	Darwin Classification of Passive Taxon	Passive Taxon	Passive Vernacular	Passive Taxon Uncertain	Passive State	Passive Part	Passive Stage	Passive Taxon's significance to Active Taxon	Indoors etc	Season
apothecium (erumpent)		erumpent apothecium is saprobic on fallen trunk			Carpinus betulus	Hornbeam	Fagales: Betulaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Leotiales/Bulgariaceae/Bulgaria inquinans/	Bulgaria inquinans	black bulgar		erumpent		apothecium	Foodplant / saprobe			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Carpinus betulus/	Carpinus betulus	hornbeam		fallen	trunk		Minor		(10-4)
apothecium (erumpent)		erumpent apothecium is saprobic on fallen branch			Carpinus betulus	Hornbeam	Fagales: Betulaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Leotiales/Bulgariaceae/Bulgaria inquinans/	Bulgaria inquinans	black bulgar		erumpent		apothecium	Foodplant / saprobe			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Carpinus betulus/	Carpinus betulus	hornbeam		fallen	branch		Minor		(10-4)
apothecium (erumpent)		erumpent apothecium is saprobic on fallen trunk			Castanea sativa	Sweet Chestnut	Fagales: Fagaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Leotiales/Bulgariaceae/Bulgaria inquinans/	Bulgaria inquinans	black bulgar		erumpent		apothecium	Foodplant / saprobe			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Fagaceae/Castanea sativa/	Castanea sativa	sweet chestnut		fallen	trunk		Minor		(10-4)
apothecium (erumpent)		erumpent apothecium is saprobic on fallen branch			Castanea sativa	Sweet Chestnut	Fagales: Fagaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Leotiales/Bulgariaceae/Bulgaria inquinans/	Bulgaria inquinans	black bulgar		erumpent		apothecium	Foodplant / saprobe			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Fagaceae/Castanea sativa/	Castanea sativa	sweet chestnut		fallen	branch		Minor		(10-4)
apothecium (erumpent)		erumpent apothecium is saprobic on fallen trunk			Fagus	beeches	Fagales: Fagaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Leotiales/Bulgariaceae/Bulgaria inquinans/	Bulgaria inquinans	black bulgar		erumpent		apothecium	Foodplant / saprobe			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Fagaceae/Fagus/	Fagus	beeches		fallen	trunk		Minor		(10-4)
apothecium (erumpent)		erumpent apothecium is saprobic on fallen branch			Fagus	beeches	Fagales: Fagaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Leotiales/Bulgariaceae/Bulgaria inquinans/	Bulgaria inquinans	black bulgar		erumpent		apothecium	Foodplant / saprobe			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Fagaceae/Fagus/	Fagus	beeches		fallen	branch		Minor		(10-4)
apothecium (erumpent)		erumpent apothecium is saprobic on fallen trunk			[Quercus (native spp)]	native oaks	Fagales: Fagaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Leotiales/Bulgariaceae/Bulgaria inquinans/	Bulgaria inquinans	black bulgar		erumpent		apothecium	Foodplant / saprobe			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Fagaceae/Quercus (native spp)/	Quercus (native spp)	native oaks		fallen	trunk				(10-4)
apothecium (erumpent)		erumpent apothecium is saprobic on fallen branch			[Quercus (native spp)]	native oaks	Fagales: Fagaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Leotiales/Bulgariaceae/Bulgaria inquinans/	Bulgaria inquinans	black bulgar		erumpent		apothecium	Foodplant / saprobe			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Fagaceae/Quercus (native spp)/	Quercus (native spp)	native oaks		fallen	branch				(10-4)
apothecium (erumpent)		erumpent apothecium is saprobic on fallen trunk			Ulmus	elms	Rosales: Ulmaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Leotiales/Bulgariaceae/Bulgaria inquinans/	Bulgaria inquinans	black bulgar		erumpent		apothecium	Foodplant / saprobe			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Ulmaceae/Ulmus/	Ulmus	elms		fallen	trunk		Minor		(10-4)
apothecium (erumpent)		erumpent apothecium is saprobic on fallen branch			Ulmus	elms	Rosales: Ulmaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Leotiales/Bulgariaceae/Bulgaria inquinans/	Bulgaria inquinans	black bulgar		erumpent		apothecium	Foodplant / saprobe			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Ulmaceae/Ulmus/	Ulmus	elms		fallen	branch		Minor		(10-4)
apothecium (erumpent)		erumpent apothecium is saprobic on fallen branch			[Broadleaved trees]	broadleaved, frondose or deciduous trees		Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Leotiales/Bulgariaceae/Bulgaria inquinans/	Bulgaria inquinans	black bulgar		erumpent		apothecium	Foodplant / saprobe			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Broadleaved trees/	Broadleaved trees	broadleaved, frondose or deciduous trees		fallen	branch		Minor		(10-4)

Author & Year	Title	Source
Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook	2nd (New Enlarged) edition, 868pp, The Richmond Publishing Co. Ltd

Bulgaria inquinans (Black Bulgar) may also be included in 'feeds on' relations listed under the following higher taxa:

FUNGI
(true fungi)

Bulgaria inquinans (Black Bulgar) may be included in 'fed on by' relations listed under the following higher taxa:

FUNGI
(true fungi)

Fungi s.l.
(fungi (in the broad sense))

Taxonomic hierarchy:

Species	Bulgaria inquinans (Black Bulgar)
Family	BULGARIACEAE (black bulgars)
Order	LEOTIALES (an order of fungi)
Subclass	LEOTIOMYCETIDAE (powdery mildews)
Class	LEOTIOMYCETES (a class of fungi)
Subphylum	PEZIZOMYCOTINA (a subphylum of ascomycetes)
Phylum	ASCOMYCOTA (spore shooters, ascomycete)
Kingdom	FUNGI (true fungi)
Domain	Eukaryota (eukaryotes)
Life	BIOTA (living things)

Bulgaria inquinans is also a member of:
Micromycetes - microfungi (via Ascomycota)
Fungi s.l. - fungi (in the broad sense) (via Fungi)
Lower Plants - lower plants (via Fungi s.l.)

NBN

NBN (data.nbn.org.uk) has a distribution map for Bulgaria inquinans (Black Bulgar)

Bulgaria inquinans (Black Bulgar) may be included in identification literature listed under the following higher taxa:

LEOTIOMYCETIDAE
(powdery mildews)

ASCOMYCOTA
(spore shooters, ascomycete)

FUNGI
(true fungi)

Eukaryota
(eukaryotes)

BIOTA
(living things)

Fungi s.l.
(fungi (in the broad sense))

General Works

Author	Year	Title	Source
Ingold, C.T.	1986	Hyphal and conidial germination of ascospores in Bulgaria inquinans and of basidiospores in Ditiola peziziformis	TBMS Vol 87 (1): 143-146.

Literature listed under the following higher taxa may also be relevant to Bulgaria inquinans (Black Bulgar):

LEOTIOMYCETIDAE
(powdery mildews)

ASCOMYCOTA
(spore shooters, ascomycete)

FUNGI
(true fungi)

Eukaryota
(eukaryotes)

BIOTA
(living things)

Fungi s.l.
(fungi (in the broad sense))

BioImages

BioImages (www.bioimages.org.uk) has 22 images of Bulgaria inquinans (Black Bulgar)

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